Convert between binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal
| Base | Name | Digits | Prefix | Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Binary | 0-1 | 0b | Low-level programming |
| 8 | Octal | 0-7 | 0o | Unix file permissions |
| 10 | Decimal | 0-9 | — | Everyday use |
| 16 | Hexadecimal | 0-9, A-F | 0x | Colors, memory addresses |
A number base (or radix) is the number of unique digits used to represent numbers. Common bases: binary (base 2), octal (base 8), decimal (base 10), hexadecimal (base 16).
Binary uses only 0 and 1. Each position represents a power of 2: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc. For example, binary 1010 = 8+0+2+0 = 10 in decimal.
Hexadecimal is compact (one hex digit = 4 binary digits) and commonly used for memory addresses, color codes, and byte values.
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